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It's not pure symbolism. The most effective way to reduce the global threat the US is appearing to pose more as of late, is to hit the dollar. The US economy is in a very precarious state, tensions along political ideology lines are high, and it would not take much more than a worsening of economic conditions plus a catalyst event to kick off armed unrest within the country. A new civil war that drives the US to fragment into several independent regions over the course of the next ~five years would kind of be the best scenario from a global perspective.

> Danish pension fund AkademikerPension said on Tuesday it would sell off its holding of U.S. Treasuries, worth some $100 million,

> AkademikerPension has in total 164 billion Danish crowns ($25.74 billion)

So they are moving about 0.4% of their investment.

Not pure symbolism, but $100 million is really nothing when we're talking about US treasuries. In the past decade, China has reduced their holding by about $600B.


Think of it as a bowshot. There are many more such 10 to 100 billion funds and they can move at the drop of a hat if they have to.

Can. Won't. There is no safer place to stash money in the world. Nobody buys treasuries for the fun of it. They do it since that is the safest place to stash money long term.

That's your opinion, which you are of course welcome to.

People buy treasuries because they expect a return. If a party is threatening to get into a shooting war with you your expectations of a return drop significantly. This then causes that party to protect their investment, the last one to defect will hold the bag. The US is signalling on all wavelengths that it is no longer the safest place to stash money, long term or otherwise.


ok, let's run with your theory. Where does one safely stash a small-ish sum like ~$100B now?

You are so far out from understanding why pension funds put money in foreign government paper that I'm not sure where to begin explaining it. But the key is simply portfolio diversification. Institutional investors have access to a very large number of options on where, how and for how long they want to park their money that it isn't some kind of forced move to put their money in US Treasuries.

It's just a way to hedge their bets. In the larger scheme of things $100B isn't all that much (it may be to you, but even a small trading desk of a mid sized bank or multinational, say Royal Dutch Shell, or such) have access to that kind of money. They are not going to take the chance that Donald Trump on Monday morning, after eating a bad burger the night before, decides to unleash the might of the US military on their territory and be left holding the bag.

One downside of running a trade deficit with the rest of the world is that they have you by the short and curlies; if they dump your paper you will have to buy it back as fast as they can dump it to avoid a crash of your currency. That can get expensive really quickly.


> They do it since that is the safest place to stash money long term.

Only historically. The calculus is rapidly changing. If the US can't even respect sovereign territory of friendly countries, it doesn't inspire trust that they would repay debt.


I’m curious when people make comments like this, do they actually live in the US and believe this or has the media environment gotten so bad in Europe+ that people have no clue what’s real or not?

We don't live in the meth lab downstairs, we're in the apartment above it. It's been wild in the past couple of decades, but lately you guys have started taking pot shots at the ceiling, so yeah, we're watching.

I don't think an American civil war in the next 5 years is at all likely. The rest of your comment I understand - not much we can say beyond we're sorry and his support is a small (but influential) minority.

> I don't think an American civil war in the next 5 years is at all likely.

The government of Minnesota has readied the national guard, the Pentagon put 1500 soldiers on standby to be deployed to Minnesota, Trump is threatening to invoke the insurrection act, and there's no sign of this conflict cooling off.

5 years is a long time too, I don't see how you believe it's not at all likely.

Edit: to be clear, I'm not sure it will lead to the fragmentation that the other commenters was claiming. But an conflict between federal and state law enforcement/ military seems likely.


> I don't think an American civil war in the next 5 years is at all likely.

Minnesota might like a word with you


Do you have any criticisms to the parent comment? As an American, they seem pretty spot on to the current climate.

I'd argue we've never been closer to civil war than we are today[0], primarily due to trumps regime invading cities around the country, kidnapping citizens utilizing a bounty program, and killing people in concentration camps.

Ediot: [0] - Since the last civil war. I thought that was obvious, but it seems like it isn't.


This comment:

A new civil war that drives the US to fragment into several independent regions over the course of the next ~five years would kind of be the best scenario from a global perspective.

is nutty.


It is, but I get the sentiment of these comments. If the US infighting they will leave us alone.

The last Civil War in the U.S. had States banding together and separating from the Union.

The closest the U.S. is to a Civil War now is akin to a Cold Civil War with, for example, states gerrymandering their Representative districts. Or the Pacific states joining together for West Coast Health Alliance. Did I read rumblings about separate trade deals with foreign countries?

Protesters battling ICE in the streets would not, in my opinion, count as Civil War. Civil unrest? Sure.

EDIT: this always turns out to be one of my unpopular opinions. Oh well.


[flagged]


I think you misunderstand who participates in a civil war, at least initially. It's not always the citizens, in this case it's the state militia and the federal government. We are dangerously close to that.

I agree that it's silly to say "we're as close as we ever have...", but the rest of GPs point stands. Things are bad, and just because you're not seeing it and are rich enough to not care doesn't mean it's not happening.


We've literally had a civil war so I'd say your argument is a bit off the mark.

Correct, I assumed others would understand I meant since the last civil war. Edited the comment to clear up my intent. Thank you.

It's still absurd. Today isn't close to what we saw during the depression or the 70s or desegregation or the Rodney King riot. Besides that, there's no plausible fault line in the military or any sort of ethnic or religious or regional fault line where two sides could form to fight each other.

I think we might have surpassed the Rodney King era but I wasn't alive then. Broadly agree with you otherwise.

I get what you're saying and mostly somewhat agree with your point, but it's kind of funny thinking back and feeling the complete opposite. People like to argue which states would be better off in a civil war, meanwhile I grew up in an area where people liked to claim the south is going to rise yet again. And we do have a problem with militias.

Maybe you'd trust Blackrock's CEO instead? I live in the US and I have rotated away from US equities and treasuries to derisk from volatility of poor governance (both this administration and long term fiscal policy).

BlackRock CEO delivers blunt warning on US national debt - https://www.thestreet.com/investing/blackrock-ceo-delivers-b... - January 18th, 2026

The U.S. Deficit Will 'Overwhelm This Country': BlackRock CEO Larry Fink - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D4d1GzgnhkI


I don’t disagree that our fiscal situation is unsustainable. I’m curious specifically about the people envisioning (with barely disguised glee) the US erupting into a civil war within 5 years, as they seem somewhat to have lost touch with reality.

> I’m curious specifically about the people envisioning (with barely disguised glee) the US erupting into a civil war within 5 years, as they seem somewhat to have lost touch with reality.

The MN governor has called up their National Guard to help local law enforcement. The Pentagon is readying troops as well, presumably to help federal officials (ICE).

If both sides think they are following lawful orders, and neither side will give, what do you think will happen? (I have no answers.)

Further, there are folks that want a conflict because the West has become too decadent or something, and some conflict is needed to toughen up (?):

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerationism

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_Enlightenment


To note, I believe it's possible the ~1500 troops staging to Minnesota are not to assist with ICE operations, but to be air lifted via the 133rd Airlift Wing to Greenland. If interested in pursuing this, task some commercial satellite imaging.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/133rd_Airlift_Wing


"Pentagon readies 1,500 troops for potential Minnesota deployment, officials say":

* https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/jan/18/pentagon-ala...


What they say cannot be trusted, based on all available evidence, so you must infer the truth from actions.


Federal supremacy will win, the MN governor will not tell local LE directly to prevent federal agents enforcing federal law. I understand that law is not popular among many right now, but that is how it will play out.

There will not be civil war unless the military truly comes to assist in a Trump attempt to take power in 2028, which I think is very unlikely.


The US military spent $4T-$6T in Iraq and Afghanistan, losing ~7k soldiers and ~52k wounded [1]. The US has one of the highest per capita of gun ownership and less than a million soldiers on US soil [2] [3]. Federal supremacy is based on the concept of the US military winning a conflict when they haven't won one since WW2. Force projection via military hardware and popping into Venezuela to extract its leader is a far different proposition than urban combat where your home and family is on the same soil.

I very much hope civil war is unlikely, but the federal government is vastly undermanned if a conflict occurs on US soil.

(have four siblings who have decades in combined military tours across all service branches except the coast guard, and I leverage them as a resource collectively in these matters)

[1] https://www.fcnl.org/updates/2016-10/costs-war-numbers

[2] https://usafacts.org/answers/how-many-troops-are-in-the-us-m...

[3] https://usafacts.org/articles/how-many-people-are-in-the-us-...


> The US military spent $4T-$6T in Iraq and Afghanistan, losing ~7k soldiers and ~52k wounded

Denmark and the UK (to mention just two countries) also lost men fighting alongside America in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Look how they are being repaid.

Here is a rather sobering video from a British perspective: The Prime Minister responding to JD Vance by simply reading out in Parliament, the names of British soldiers who died supporting American operations.

https://uk.news.yahoo.com/pm-honours-uk-troops-killed-123537...


In what world are Iraq / Afghanistan good "comps" for the US military's performance in a civil war? Those countries had a virtually endless supply of young men who wanted to die for their cause, due to religious fanaticism, and were willing to do anything to make that happen. Who is going to fulfill that role in this hypothetical civil war? The US military was also faced with 10,000 km long supply lines and extremely rugged terrain where no one had any local knowledge.

In longitudinal surveys, typically, about 5% of folks elect the "some men want to watch the world burn" option. I cannot speak to the glee component you mention, I know these people exist, but they are a minority. I can speak to the ongoing political polarization that treats national politics as a sport and is avoiding course correcting fiscal policy trajectory. And this fiscal policy is going to lead to widening wealth inequality, a continuation of a K shaped economic recovery, and pushing the electorate to more extreme options besides the voting booth. No one is "winning", there is no moderate middle ground any more, and I don't see how this trajectory will change. Thanks Gingrich (who set us on this path decades ago)!

Nearly 40% of Young Americans Say Political Violence Is Acceptable in Certain Circumstances, Harvard Poll Finds - https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2025/12/4/hpop-poll-polit... - December 4th, 2025

Americans say politically motivated violence is increasing, and they see many reasons why - https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2025/10/23/americans... - October 23rd, 2025


> > the US erupting into a civil war within 5 years, as they seem somewhat to have lost touch with reality.

When your material needs are satisfied then only ideological battles remain to be won.

And having lots of material stuff you have plenty to throw at the enemy.

It's already happening. People are willing to forego their material needs and harm the country and themselves to 'own' and defeat the other side.

The only hope is that the ideological wars become so scattered and around so many topics and centers of power that it's not 70m people vs. 70m people or that the ideological wars are slow that people realize that they come with a loss of quality of life and material wealth and rebalance towards the latter instead of pursuing the 'owning the other side' doctrine


I think effectively all empirics go against this notion, the only real counterexample I can think of is the Troubles. People living comfortable lives don't want to die and the ideology usually routes around that: look how morality has been evolving wrt the notion of 'sacrifice for the common good' - and we expect people will sacrifice their lives for their perception of the common good? doubt it

> > People living comfortable lives don't want to die

Trump is the prime example , why did he decide to abandon the lifestyle afforded by his 500 million dollar net worth to pursue a job where 27% of his predecessors where shot at? Abandoning comfortable life to risk death.

Why don't rich celebrities quit after the first death threat letter, when they already have a huge bag of money?

The material wealth at the extremes is a recipe for unstable and unpredictable behavior , not for calm and collected behavior. People engage in ego battles and fall in love with their ideas and are willing to go to war for them as in a world of abundance they are the only thing that matters in order to 'win'.

The most abstract things (interest rates ring a bell) become personal because ideas about them were conceived in self reflection during the infinite hours of thinking and wondering free time afforded by material abundance, killing off ideas becomes akin to killing part of self and becomes unacceptable to the ego.

This Is true for individuals and countries alike.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavioral_sink


What could easily happen much sooner than 5 years is an incident that gives Trump an excuse to invoke the Insurrection Act, and send federal troops - not just National Guard - into blue US cities. Things could go a lot of different ways after that, but something resembling civil war - or a smaller-scale guerilla war - is very much in the realm of possibility.

Be wary of normalcy bias, it's a big part of what lets the Trump admin get away with what its doing. People think "oh that can't happen"... until it does.


Warnings about the deficit are spot on. It is a safe bet that the country with government that spends 50% more than it takes in as taxes will not give above inflation return on its government debt. As a side note, most of the "Western world" is in the same boat (spending way above the long-term ability to pay, so eventually will have to default-by-inflation on bondholders).

But I am sure the poster you are responding to was criticizing the take about US splintering into parts due to armed unrest within the next 5 years. Which sounds completely nonsensical to me as well.


>Fink is still a big believer in the U.S. economy and argues things are looking mostly constructive at this point. He feels the bull story is still intact, but its durability matters a lot more.

So do you believe him? Let me guess: you'll pick and choose the parts


I agree with his statement you quote. I believe that the US still has some growth ahead purely out of existing demographics and population, but that due to go forward geopolitics and global trade reconfigurations, more growth will be had internationally than in the US over the next 5-10 years (and this is the same guidance I share with the HNW individuals I advise from geopolitical safety and portfolio strategy perspectives). Where has most growth been in the US recently? The Mag 7, AI, data centers, etc. Will this growth last? No one knows. What happens when it stops? Sadness.

Global markets outperform the U.S. in 2025 - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6DERutj8lfY - December 30th, 2025

2026 Outlook: International Stocks and Economy - https://www.schwab.com/learn/story/international-stock-marke... - December 9th, 2025

(not investing advice, I am simply very curious and a degenerate gambler)


It’s wishcasting. Some people just want to see dead Americans.

On the contrary. The ones that want to see dead Americans are currently sitting in the Whitehouse. Mostly because it won't be them on the receiving end of it and they get to plunder the country. Smaller cake, but more for me seems to be their motto.

I think perhaps multiple people can want to see dead Americans. There is definitely a subtext of glee in this discussion of modern American civil war imo.

Not with the Europeans that I know, they are all absolutely aghast at every single murder. It is one of the reasons EU countries are reluctant about participating in any war, they always hope to avoid it (and as a result sometimes get much larger ones...).

Hard for me to see anyone who says an American civil war is a best case scenario as not cheering for American deaths and I'm skeptical that this was written by an American as it sounds far too out of touch and 'wishcasty' as someone else said.

I don't know exactly who you are referring to, which article/comment/?? do you refer to?

You are skeptical that it was written by an American, but you have no proof that it was not?

Do you know who did write it?

Those guys in the Whitehouse, are they not American?

They are the ones steering you straight off a cliff and quite literally anything - including civil war - could happen as a result of that.


I'm referring to the initial comment I replied to: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46693230 ie. the comment this entire thread has been about.

> you have no proof that it was not?

In other comments on their profile, they refer to Americans as if they are someone other than themselves. Also, the belief that a civil war splitting up the US is likely within the next 5 years seems like a pretty big giveaway.

> Those guys in the Whitehouse, are they not American?

As I said, multiple people can want bad things. I'm painfully aware of what the current admin is doing to our global reputation and what they are risking with their current games - and there are still 3 years on the clock.

Take care.


Whether it is likely or not has no bearing on whether they want that to happen. I don't want it to happen. I still think it is not entirely unlikely. But that's not on the observers.

It's going to be a very long three years. Or a very short one. That choice is not up to the rest of the world but up to the USA.


Nobody wants to see dead Americans. Put away your grievance politics.

We're responding to someone describing a civil war as a best case scenario. I have no grievance politics.

It's also stupid. A US civil war which went far enough to fragment the country would in actuality be a global WWIII and lead to billions of deaths.

Why? The US is only 5% of the world population. If others successfully disentangle themselves before the civil war begins they can take steps to isolate themselves. Yes it won't be as peaceful of a world but I don't see how it is certain to end up in a WWIII scenario.

Do you think the newly minted American Balkans are going to be peaceful and well governed? And won't, say, try to annex parts of canada, mexico, greenland, central american or island nations, etc? Do you think they will be lead by well reasoned and insightful peoples that won't escalate to a nuclear civil war and that no foreign power will try to intervene, take sides, or try to grab some real estate as well?

You think the most well funded and capable military in the world would sit idle and please itself with keeping conflict contained?


And a new global leader, likely in the form of China. Which I'm sure everyone would see as an improvement. Right?

You have to ask yourself, compared to current US leadership, is China actually all that bad?

US is being driven by the personal whims of a deteriorating tyrant, Congress is allowing it and the courts are only doing a tiny amount of checking his power.

You can't just say "despite everything happening we're still the good guys and China and Russia are the bad guys!"

Osama bin Ladin won. The goals he had when he attacked America have been entirely achieved. Americans got stupid and became susceptible to the society changing effects of terrorism. He got us to destroy ourselves.


Call me a traditionalist but I do think having free/fair elections is a massive distinguishing factor.

Is that why Texas is gerrymandering their maps again? Is it to have "fair" elections?

Why doesn't China gerrymander their maps?

Because they have the most fair elections. Duh.

Having free elections doesn't make you the good guys if you elect a tryant to be a tyrant. Republicans are getting what they voted for and they STILL want what's happening. I've heard them say it.

This leftist idea that everything will just be ok and we don't need to do anything because it'll all be fixed in the next election needs to stop.

Right now the only people actually protecting the republic are the people in the streets because NOBODY else is accomplishing anything.


> US is being driven by the personal whims of a deteriorating tyrant

Why does Hacker News make Trump sound so much more interesting than he really is?


He's sent his personal police force to my city to rip people out of their cars and arrest them for being brown, not to mention murdering a lady who seconds before was smiling and waving officers to go around. In no way is this an exaggeration.

He's trying to use economic warfare to annex Greenland.

The most powerful man in the world is a delusional dementia patient and egomaniac being allowed to do literally anything he wants.


This is truth since it was fact-checked by leading independent EU fact-checkers.

> A new civil war that drives the US to fragment into several independent regions over the course of the next ~five years would kind of be the best scenario from a global perspective.

The US isn't going to passively give up its hold on the world order. You don't think this would trigger a world war?

And if / when the US does topple (whether in 10 years or in 1000 years), at the moment it looks like the only viable next leaders in the world order are autocratic dictatorships.

How is this a best scenario from a global perspective?


> The US isn't going to passively give up its hold on the world order. You don't think this would trigger a world war?

They are literally right in the middle of imploding their soft power; so maybe you are right about passively giving it up when they're actively doing so instead?


would you call annexing greenland or invading venezuela passive?

> The US isn't going to passively give up its hold on the world order.

No, instead they're actively throwing it on a bonfire.

No, I don't know why either.


The opposition to American hegemony shifted from Europe (ie the USSR) to Asia (ie China). To that end, NATO lacks the capacity to meaningfully impact a conflict in the Pacific. The EU simply does not have the means to project power in that way nor do they have the ability to meaningfully implement economic policies that would effectively reduce Chinese growth.

Trump is an asshole, but the strategy hasn’t really changed in the last decade or so. Obama tried to isolate China with European help, Trump 1.0 tried to convince Europe to step up, Biden showed them we were willing to move on, and now Trump 2.0 is following through.

People fail to realize how anti-European this past decade has been, and not just under Trump. Europe had significant issue with the Inflation Reduction Act. Not to mention the war in Ukraine, which while illegal and entirely caused by Russia, was capitalized upon by American diplomats to the absolute benefite of the US at the expense of Europe.

The overarching plan has been evident for a while, Trump is just blatant about it. He lacks the decorum to make someone happy about being gifted a lemon. Past administrations have had much more tact in that regard.

America does not want direct conflict with China. China doesn’t want direct conflict with America either. It would be catastrophic for both honestly. Neither side would emerge cleanly victorious. Both would be limping away scarred by the experience. To that end America is just trying to let the underlying structural issues play out. China and Europe both have some structural issues that need addressed. America is gonna build up it’s own hemisphere and simply wait the rest of the world out.

Is it the best plan? Honestly it might be. The more I see of it, the more comfortable I am growing with it. I was more worried about it in the Biden days simply because I was still under the mindset of Europe being an important ally. America was undermining the European economy on multiple fronts and it seemed like we were alienating some of our closest allies. Ironically what I think a lot of people are feeling now.

The truth is though that Europe is dead weight. Their economy is anemic, their still too fragmented militarily and they have been actively undermining America’s effects to derisk supply chains from China. Trump’s broad tariffs would have been handled better under someone else, but the end result would have been the same out of simple necessity. Since COVID America has grown more dependent on China due to second order effects. Everytime we close a door someone else opens a window to let them back in. And it’s not just Europe, but Canada, South Korea, others too. Honestly Mexico has probably been our best ally in that regard.

If you follow the geopolitical sphere most of what’s happening is not new. Trump hasn’t really changed the plan - he’s just subtle like a brick to the face. He is loud and boastful about it where before it was clever and subtextual. That is really the only change. Geopoliticallt he tries to dominate while Biden and Obama would convince people something stupid was what they really wanted.

I don’t know if that helps the anxiety at all. I’ve felt it, I’ve been there. I’ve yet to see a better plan though. Honestly, the next decade is gonna be bumpy, but if you look at the long-term trajectory, America is gonna be well ahead of the rest of the world by the 2040s. We are easily in the best strategic position I would say. Once you really wrap your mind around the various aspects of it, it’s not a bad plan. It’s not Trump’s plan, it’s not Biden’s plan, this plan has roots going back over a decade. I’m sure at some point it was just a COA under discussion with multiple decision points and alternatives. Could it have worked itself out differently? Probably. But given where we are it’s probably the best plan for now.


> To that end, NATO lacks the capacity to meaningfully impact a conflict in the Pacific. The EU simply does not have the means to project power in that way

This has been repeated elsewhere in this story. What's your thinking here? I assume you mean the non-US members of NATO, but you seem to have forgotten two G7 members if you're equating NATO - US with the EU.

The remaining members include two nuclear-armed states, five or so aircraft carriers, submarines, several large air forces, navies, etc. What would make them unable to project force into the Pacific?


Yes, Britain and France have aircraft carriers but they are old, small and likely to be sunk by modern hyper-sonics. Europe's inability to project power is well documented though. Most of the 2025 literature is more related to overland mobility in Europe, since that is the piece Europe is currently working to fix, but the European militaries are not designed for global engagement. Most American documents on the topic don't even really mention NATO's involvement against China. Here's some stuff to consider though. Here is a decent primer:

https://warontherocks.com/2024/04/two-theater-tragedy-a-relu...


> The truth is though that Europe is dead weight. Their economy is anemic, their still too fragmented militarily

What an incredibly ignorant statement. Europe's economy in real terms is doing fine, their productivity is growing. The US's economy only looks good on paper, but outside of the AI bubble, companies aren't growing wages are stagnant with inflation.

Europe is also on the verge of federalization. But you have to understand getting over two dozen countries with vastly different cultures, histories and languages to cooperate is a gargantuan task. One the EU has been incredibly successful at.


Over the past 15 years the European economy has grown from 16.25 to 18.50 trillion per World Bank. In 2008 the combined economic strength of the EU was 110% of the United State's. Today it's ~65%. By and large the European economy completely missed the mark on the Internet/Web3.0 technology revolution. You certainly have bright spots like ASML, but those are the exception and not the rule. It's reindustrialization efforts are facing massive head wins from energy costs and China is absolutely wrecking their neo-colonial African holdings.

I hope the EU moves to a more Federalized model of governance - it would certainly benefit them. And I agree that it won't be easy. I am not sure California and Texas would agree to the model the United States has today. I can't even imagine what it would be like for Germany and France. But they have some serious issues to address. These are some foundational changes that are unlikely to happen in the next year or two.


The ratio in money between the revenues in Europe and those in USA is rather misleading.

With the same amount of money you can do much more in Europe. Even in the few domains where USA had a traditional advantage, like the prices of electronic devices, e.g. computers, things have changed a lot recently.

Prompted by another discussion thread on HN, I have compared yesterday some prices for computers and associated components in USA and in Europe. Now the prices in USA are 30% to 40% higher, in sharp contrast with how the price ratio was in the previous years, when prices were lower in USA.

The real economic strength of Europe vs. USA is much greater than the values of GDP expressed in USD, and including some meaningless indicators, would seem to imply.


> The most effective way to reduce the global threat the US is appearing to pose more as of late, is to hit the dollar.

Which is exactly what this administration is doing. What do you expect to happen when the POTUS and DOJ overtly pressure the sitting Chairman of the Federal Reserve to cut Fed Funds rates and print more money, thus creating more inflation in direct violation of a crystal-clear Congressional mandate? Do you think that's good for the U.S. as a destination for safe assets, or a "reserve currency"?


How would a USA civil be the best scenario globally? Who knows what wars that would trigger globally

> The US economy is in a very precarious state, tensions along political ideology lines are high, and it would not take much more than a worsening of economic conditions plus a catalyst event to kick off armed unrest within the country.

Do you remember the situation that precipitated the Nazi takeover of Germany? Wasn't it hyperinflation and economic collapse? And you think it would be a good idea to push the US further in that direction?

You'll get worse, not better.

> A new civil war that drives the US to fragment into several independent regions over the course of the next ~five years would kind of be the best scenario from a global perspective.

Are you serious? That's an utterly insane idea. The best scenario from a global perspective is the US regains its stability. Europe is in no position to defend itself militarily, it relies on US support via NATO. I believe similar is true of Japan and other countries. A US civil war would only help Russia and China (Russia would gobble up Ukraine and who knows what else, China would take Taiwan and dominate/subjugate the rest of Asia, like Japan, in some fashion that non-Chinese nations wouldn't be happy with).

Also US polarization isn't regional (e.g. a big part is urban/rural). There's no "fragmentation into independent regions" that would really solve the problem.


The rest of the world is not going to be bullied into submission by one guy. If you can't take care of your own problem then eventually the world will turn away from you. This has the obvious potential of spiraling out of control but Trump is first and foremost the responsibility of the US population. The rest of the world will pick up the pieces. But he needs to be kept inside the lines or he'll run into people who are not just going to say 'yes' to his every whim.

But "not getting bullied" is and entirely different thing than thinking a US civil war would be a good thing for the world or "reduce the global threat" (which is just bonkers).

Like, we're all amateurs on a web forum, but it's best to avoid monomaniacal, first-order thinking.


Nobody hopes for that other than some guys that think that crashing the US lets them pick up the pieces like it happened with the USSR but on a much larger scale.

If you honestly believe that the EU wants the US to descend into civil war then you you have your parties grossly mixed up.


> If you honestly believe that the EU wants the US to descend into civil war then you you have your parties grossly mixed up.

I don't think it does, but I'm not responding to them. I'm responding to someone who made a bonkers comment up-thread.


I think they're seeing that against the alternative: a global war. Which is definitely one of the other options on the table right now.

> I think they're seeing that against the alternative: a global war. Which is definitely one of the other options on the table right now.

Except that's not an either-or alternative. Even if the US had a civil war and somehow disappeared, other belligerent actors would be free to start conflicts that had been held back by US pressure. You still have your "global" war. Like if the US disintegrates right now, Europe can kiss all of Ukraine goodbye, and probably the Baltics, too.

And even if somehow the US was the only problem (it's not), there's a decent chance that the end result of a civil war is a non-fragmented and even more belligerent US.


Russia was already slated to gobble up Ukraine.

Previously, it was content to treat UKR as a puppet, but after a color revolution and their man in Kiev was deposed, their hand was forced.

We're only now seeing it as an overt tug of war between the Great Powers


History doesn't repeat, but it rhymes, something like that? I think we are indeed watching the fascist takeover, and economic collapse is under way -- it's just when you watch a giant fall, they seem to fall oh ever so slowly, the scale distorts the speed until it's right there, then it's "suddenly" a cliff drop.

I agree with you, one dimension of the cultural split is urban / rural. The other dimension is actual culture as based on history -- deep south, southwest, cascadia, breadbasket, eastern seaboard -- these areas have different enough cultural heritage you could see them as separate regions if you squint hard enough. But the key deciding factor are the centers of military power -- where the major air, navy, and nuclear bases are. Overlay that over the cultural map, and you get the Independent Regions. The urban centers would define the voronoi centers of the subregions, with rural areas becoming more of no-mans-land, roving-bands boundary scenarios.

I mean yes it all sounds fantastical, but most unprecedented things do until they come to pass. There's so many patterns and echoes that gently indicate that this unfortunately may indeed be the way.


No, it's pure symbolism. Countries don't purchase US treasuries to be charitable to the US. This hurts Denmark just as much as it hurts the US. And in relative terms, Denmark is going to feel the pain from this way more than the US since the US economy is 70x bigger than Denmark's.

You could measure this by looking at the Pensions fund performance vs US treasuries over the next decade or so.

> The most effective way to reduce the global threat the US is appearing to pose more as of late, is to hit the dollar.

I really don't understand why people keep saying that despite the fact that Stephen Miran, Trump economic advisor, made it an explicit goal to devalue the dollar:

> The root of the economic imbalances lies in persistent dollar overvaluation that prevents the balancing of international trade

https://www.hudsonbaycapital.com/documents/FG/hudsonbay/rese...

They want the dollar's value to go down. You don't make someone change course by doing what they want as a punishment.


Take heed, Americaneez -- and prepare, because this may be in your future sooner than prediction markets would have you believe [1].

LoRa mesh networking seems like the runner-up, but vague reports indicate (Meshtastic) doesn't handle crowds well.

I think Bitchat can use Meshtastic, so a LoRa radio paired with a phone could be a base for not just texting individuals, but community messaging.

1: https://polymarket.com/event/us-civil-war-before-2027


Not to side track too much from this discussion, but I looked at that PolyMarket event: "US civil war before 2027?" Currently, it is priced at 91.3 USD cents for No. If you bet 100 USD, the payout for No will be 109.43. That is very good return -- ~9.5% for 12 months of lending (as PolyMarket required full payment at the time of trade). That is twice the (retail) risk free rate at the moment. I am actually tempted to buy a large part of the order book. Am I missing something obvious?

Also, if you enjoy troll humor, the comments section is very funny.


> Am I missing something obvious?

Considering reports like "Polymarket refuses to pay bets that US would 'invade' Venezuela" [1] one risk is poorly written small print, meaning you might not actually be betting on the thing you think you're betting on. This could also err in your favour, of course - but it's still a source of risk.

There's also the risks involved in cryptocurrency generally - it's the wild west, rife with scams, hacks, unexpected fees, and paperwork.

And thirdly, prediction markets often lack market depth, so if you want to invest a non-trivial amount the price can move a lot. You want to gamble $2,000 to win $190? No problem. You want to gamble $200,000 maybe no-one will take your bet. Can you be bothered to go through all the KYC paperwork rigmarole for $190 ?

[1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46521773


    >  You want to gamble $200,000 maybe no-one will take your bet.
There is a visible order book. You can only place your order if someone takes the other side. Both sides are fully funded.

    > Can you be bothered to go through all the KYC paperwork rigmarole for $190 ?
Can you tell me more about the KYC reqs?

> Am I missing something obvious?

The low volume places a rather disappointing cap on your profits.


PolyMarket bets are becoming ever more problematic the wider it gets known, carrying the manipulation incentives from stock markets into every bettable aspect of society.

> Total garbage. Spread by a $9bn company with a 1m-follower account, a post viewed by 4.5m people. Pure disinformation for financial gain, with serious consequences for actual human lives. Shashank Joshi - @shashj - Jan 12 - https://x.com/shashj/status/2010766014829478393


> Am I missing something obvious?

To list a few: the risk of Polymarket going under, the risk of Polymarket mishandling your money, the risk of Polygon going under, the risk of Ethereum going under, the risk of USDC depegging, the risk of interests going up, and, most obvious of all, the risk of a civil war.


Several civil wars aren't known as such until long after

Examples, please.

The English Civil Wars (1642–1651).

The Spanish Civil War (1936–1939)

I'd even consider the American one a big example.


It's similar to selling options out of the money. You get compensated because nobody likes to pick up pennies in front of a steamroller.

I will when that bet is the steamroller taking out the entire country.

And the Pennies are the currency of the entire country?

Frankly, if the scenario comes to pass, currency value risk is just as likely to make it not pay out than anything else.


If there's a civil war in the US I don't see how services like this would even stay up to collect from

Not at all. Do you really think there is a risk of civil war in the United States in 2026? To me: It sounds like crazy people. I will make that be all day long!

The problem is, lets say protestors actually start getting violent across multiple state. Would that be considered a mini civil war?

If you haven't been paying attention to American politics, there are currently widespread protests due to a woman being shot by ICE last week. It looks like the current administration may be seeking violent unrest in the hopes of delaying elections.

> looks like the current administration may be seeking violent unrest in the hopes of delaying elections

Civil war requires two militaries. Tiananmen Square wasn’t a civil war.


Not wrong, but don't forget there are many militias with itchy trigger fingers all over the political spectrum here, though admittedly some parties have more affiliated with them than others. It's not a stretch to assume should fighting in the streets escalate beyond ICE shenanigans that larger armies would not quickly congeal from the pocket groups and individuals.

> there are many militias with itchy trigger fingers all over the political spectrum here

That’s still not a civil war in the conventional sense. If it gets entrenched and coördinated it could be come something we’ll debate, e.g. the Troubles. But insurgency != civil war.


The devil lives in the fine print, always.

> devil lives in the fine print

Sometimes yes. Sometimes no. Civil wars are large-scale mobilizations. That’s what makes them uniquely destructive. Insurgencies are also destructive, but in a categorically-different way.


Generally, if you yourself aren't willing to pick up a gun and start fighting, chances are, the vast majority of the people aren't either.

I am, under the right circumstance. I'm not a pacificist, at least not historically. Although, we can banter all day with tough words, but the reality is that none of us can really predict how we will react to a situation until we are in it.

>I am, under the right circumstance.

Right, and so are a lot of people. My point is that we still have a long way to go before that sentiment sets in.


I believe there are plenty of weapons around in the US in general and the police and military is also not 100% behind Trump and MAGA.

But if there is a civil war, what were you going to be able to do with the USD anyway?

Interesting - I found this quantitative historical study [0] showing that while a civil war does significantly increase the likelihood of inflation, only 36% of countries analyzed which had a civil war between 1975-1999 ended up in an inflationary crisis. And with the USD having such a strong foundation, I would expect the risk to be significantly lower.

[0] https://kjis.org/journal/view.html?uid=302&vmd=Full


I am speculating wildly but I would expect the exact opposite due to different actors trying to destabilize the US to the point of no recovery in such an event.

> to the point of no recovery

Interesting, are you saying that the intentional use of USD somehow makes the US more vulnerable? What failure mode are you thinking of?


Exchange it for something else before the war started?

Or is it the financial backers of the protests that want a civil war?

Your entire party is literally lizard people, so no argument you can make is valid.

I love comments like this. You pop out of your (presumably New Zealand) prepper bomb shelter to get enough WiFi signal to make a post. I will bet against people like you all day long and make lots of money. How much are you willing to bet that there will be civil war in the US in 2026? Let's meet on PolyMarket!

You have a very unusual opinion of me!

There were large protests in the wake of a law enforcement officer killing someone in 2020 too. Notably, there was not a civil war, even though the Trump administration used the protests as cover for bad behavior then too

2020 was a single accidental case as the result of a poor system. Many people even from within the system on all levels agreed something went wrong and apologized. Today's situation is different, as the whole system is weaponized on purpose from one specific layer/group against the other layers/groups of the system. It's an internal conflict within the system itself, and a prime-example for justifying a civil war. And at the time Trump was still on the leash of his own adminstration.

1. ban guns

2. start civil war

3. ???

4. civil war with stone axes


There are more currently owned guns in circulation in the US than people.

One thing is for sure, any civil war in the us will not be short on guns.


There are a few like this. You can bet on Jesus not coming back in the calendar year for a little pocket money.

Funny, because a bit like the yes side of the civil war scenario, if JC comes back and someone is the sort of person to bet that he will, then do they really need the payout in those circumstances; and will the gambling website be in a position to pay out?


Polymarket and other prediction markets dont take risk on the trades. Two sides are needed to make a market so you’re likely to get your payout. So all the people taking the “safe” bet lose their collateral and the winners get the proceeds if the unlikely event happens.

PolyMarket repeatedly paid out bets on Trump creating peace between Palestine and Israel even though he hasn't.

I Googled about this but could not find any reliable sources. Can you share some evidence that this is true?

802.11s with BATMAN routing works very well - you can have commercial quality links with tons of nodes.

The problem is transmitter power, residential Wifi radios are limited to a very low transmit power, like 0.1W, if you do more than that, you're breaking the law, and you're very easy to find if they come looking.


If there is really a civil war, won't these frequencies just get jammed?

The point to any preparation for any adverse event is to prepare more than one solution to a problem, and to have a solid understanding of your actual adversary. By asking that question, you have already defeated yourself on the sake of whomever you have decided is the dominant force. This is the sort of nihilism that stops us from meaningful change, because we destroy ourselves in either sloth or despair.

Won't they get jammed? Yes, absolutely, on local levels. This is electronic warfare and happens in any actual battlespace.

Does that mean it is completely useless in emergency situations (of which civil war is one)? No.


Meshtastic works on commercial frequencies. If they block those then a good number of non-wifi/bluetooth devices will just stop working.

Including, but not limited to: garage door openers, some (older) car key fobs, some RC equipment, wireless weather sensors, remotely readable metering devices (electricity, water) and a crapton of other things.


All Semtech LoRa modems are wide-range modems. You can switch to basically every other frequency.

An idea would be to move to SX128x modems with work around 2.4GHz. You recycle Wifi-gear for directional stuff. This also enabled you to hide below Wifi traffic.

Still jammable - but much much more difficult.


Nah. The citywide meshtastic grids that exist presently operate on one single frequency citywide.

If you shut off the internet and jam that frequency, nobody can talk to anyone else to coordinate about a new frequency (which is then also just trivially jammed).


And then every single other device on that frequency is also useless

Is the pain of that worth disabling communication?


You could just flood Meshtastic channel with valid traffic specifically

Then people's garages would start randomly opening? =)

Jamming is a double-edged sword, there are common frequency bands used by everyones equipment like 2.4GHz, 5GHz or the ISM band. If you jam those indiscriminately, your own stuff stops working as well.

Any actual adversarial situation is a constant back and forth of "This works, whoops now it's countered, well now we countered that" forever.

Things don't stand still in "war". There's no "Solution" that will not be attacked, and there's no attack that cannot be worked around.


The US is huge — you can’t jam everything everywhere. Talking about just cities, you still can’t jam everything everywhere.

But yes, targeted suppression/oppression (depending on your allegiance) will almost certainly use jamming — in fact, I’ve spoken with some Antifa about how they jam EMS frequencies at their events.


This reminds me the way the software was distributed in eastern countries when there was no internet. People went to market to meet other people, and they were peddling/colporting (look up the term in French) cassettes with the software.

The same can happen now - people would walk down the streets to certain places, to become hubs of information, but with no physical contact. Of course those places would be were the jammers would head to.

Actually this sounds like a good theme for book... however as long as I live on this world, I've noticed that if I invent something, there are already two people on the internet who have invented it already, so... please give me the title :)


To save others the search: Colportage is the distribution of publications, books, and religious tracts by carriers called "colporteurs" or "colporters"

"Colporter" is not an especially fancy word, it just means "to peddle" in English.

And for anything you really need to keep hidden, there's always culportage.

> look up the term in French

Wasn't that also called SneakerNet, back in the time? We used it in western Europe as well (both term and distribution method)


Also, amusingly, France is most definitively in Western Europe, so I’m a bit confused about GP’s link between Eastern Europe and “go look up this French word”.

Why would anti-fascists jam EMS frequencies?

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Won't someone think of our boys in blue?!?!

What's the nice, HN friendly way of telling someone "you're full of shit"?

Ive used "Your mouth is moving. Might want to see to that."

"Please provide a source" is my go to

Yeah, someone recently made a fork of the meshtastic firmware to support bitchat:

https://github.com/evansmj/firmware-bitchat-plugin


Iran doesn't have the ability to control what you see online. If BigCorps play along, the US can largely do that, to much much greater extend. So they don't really need to bring the internet down, they can just have LLMs create custom "reddit pages" on the fly.

We won't have a Civil war. We need one for sure, but the problem is that most people lives are very comfortable right now, and the average person doesnt care enough to die over any of the stuff they believe in.

Its more likely that our economy will tank and you will have more civil unrest.


Is market manipulation or insider trading even regulated on polymarket?

There is no insider trading on a bet, it's kind of the point.

Would you bet a large amount of money without some insider information?


Insider trading on prediction markets is the whole point. They don't exist to provide a fair platform for normal people to make money, they exist to create accurate predictions by providing a monetary incentive for people to be correct. Whether "correct" means that you were just lucky, that you had insider knowledge, or that you were able to influence the result, is irrelevant.

If I know the outcome, why would I bet largw before the outcome is to be publicly revealed?

I just wait and bet only if the market is wrong when the reveal is imminent.

Isn't this a realy good money laundering avenue? I sell you guaranteed outcomes, for a fee ofc.


All my life ive heard this, yelled at me by deeply anti democratic anti socials. People voted for trumps policies. Again, yes even after jan 6. Better luck next time, but for 4 years this is what they ordered.

ICE going after fraud and illegals. Voted for.

Closed borders. Voted for.

Isolationist imperialism and a end of the western free trade world order.Voted for.

A loose Canon. Voted for.

A screeching social priest caste driven ou the door. Voted for.

The people have spoken and the reject progressive policies (more accurately they dont care, but reject the package it comes in). Se la vi.

Trump has a ton of work todo before he reaches the starting point of the mullahs. 12000 dead in 3 days. Thats ice shooting 8 people trying to run them over every day. Politics has not platform here, including rejected by the masses cosplay revolutionaries hijacking real disasters. Do something good, help iranian civilization recover.


People don't get to vote to violate the constitutional rights of their fellow citizens.

If they're in the country illegally are they citizens?

That's an easy one. They're people, and still have rights. That's non-negotiable.

If you're in a country illegally, yes you do have rights but the right to stay is not one of them.

Here is the thing

You are all sold this lie that "illegal immigrants take your jobs" or "bring drugs into the country", and you immediately adopt this as truth and don't even bother to fact check this because of your inherent racism.

In reality the vast amounts immigrants that are coming into US are putting 10 times back more into the economy than they are taking because they are all coming here to work. And they work at jobs that Americans don't want because they pay less. Not that there was even an unemployment crisis to begin with, so Americans had plenty of jobs.

The problem with immigration was the asylum process, where there were not enough staff to process all the requests and determine real ones from fake ones. This is why there was a border bill brought up in 2023-2024, authored by a Republican, that had bipartisan support. Trump killed that bill, saying on record that it would help his election chances. So in the end, more people would have been deported if the border bill would have passed than there are now, and there would have been way more filtering on who gets to stay and who doesnt.

All of this is true, none of this is debatable. No, your favorite right wing commentator opposing arguments are all bullshit.

And this is precisely why conservatives deserve no sympathy. Inherent racism is probably due to the shit job your parents did at raising you, which is at least excusable, but the stupidity of voting for someone who gives you the worse outcome compared to what you want, and then claiming its a better outcome, is not.


ICE is violating my fourth amendment rights as a full US citizen when they demand proof of citizenship on the sole basis of my skin tone and occupation. There is zero constitutional basis for that. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/ice-approaching-people-...

They are human, that's all you need to know.

No sane country recognizes all the same rights and privileges of a citizen in a non-citizen.

All, no. But many, yeah. The Constitution and many of it's Amendments call out people or persons. The 14th Amendment even specifies what a citizen is, and in the next breath says persons cannot be denied due process by the States, not citizens.

Be specific. Which rights?

[flagged]


Perhaps heed the HN guidelines and avoid obviously false hyperbole.

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Kelly

seems better qualified to fight than, for example, the current day drinking daytime host self styled as head of "Dep. of War".


> the left cant even fight

New York and California have enough GDP, weapons factories and in-state fissile materials to make a civil war at least interesting. (They’re also both primed to land foreign armies on their shores and air strips).

In repression, guns and muscles count. In a civil war, they’re as effective as Maduro’s guard was.


[flagged]


I'm sure the ICE agents swapping head-shot porn on their phones find that hilarious.

In history mothers against authoritarian rule, against the draft, raising awareness, etc. have been suprisingly effective at slowing violence, attracting press coverage, kick starting civil rights, etc.

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mothers_of_Plaza_de_Mayo

* https://libcom.org/article/1965-72-sos-australian-mothers-re...

* https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2025/0813/israel...

Not every soldier, not every weekend warrior LEO LARPing, is comfortable shooting women in the face.


[flagged]


> the officer is in fact got run over

The officer that shot through the front window, stepped to the side, shot twice more through the side window while on two feet, and stomped away unharmed muttering "fucking bitch" .. that officer?

Seems unlikely.


[flagged]


I don’t think that video proves anything definitively fwiw. It doesn’t capture any harm to the officer nor any heightened or escalating behaviors afterwards. Nor does it show an officer in a using force inappropriately.

If you think it does you are overlaying your own biases onto the video.


like I said before, I agree that its unfortunate event and how it ends but you must also understand why this is happening in the first place

she is obstructing the law enforcement. for what ???? defending illegal that defrauding tax payer billions of dollar ???? like if you still defending that shit then I guess there is treason that happening


She had a car across a single lane of a state road.

Traffic was not obstructed as footage shows vehicles passing before the shooting.

She was not obstructing ICE in detaining an immigrant.

At the worse it was state traffic offense. Something ICE has no, nada, zero, jurisdiction over.

Traffic infringements are not treason, and ICE _should_ have deferred to state LEOs.

They did not.

They acted like untrained clowns. One officer told her to leave, a second told her to get out of the car while reaching into her car w/out authority to do so.

In countries that are serious about public law and order it is clear that the fault lies with the ICE agents.


> At the worse it was state traffic offense. Something ICE has no, nada, zero, jurisdiction over

And to underline: the historic problem with thuggery is the delegitimization of law enforcement.

Good was given conflicting instructions, none of which seem to have been legally issued. If you’re going to be shot and cursed out when stopped by the cops, at a certain point, the rational action becomes disarming by any means your security threat and then dealing with the legal consequences later. (If I’m being held up at gunpoint for no reason, I’m not considering the law when weighing my options for escape or disarming my opponent.)

Miller wants to invoke the Insurrection Act. The ICE agents are just as stupid and pawnish in this game as the left-wing agitator.


Are you saying there is a vacuum? Because vacuum usually get filled with crazy militants

You mean in context of a complete regression in the West, right?

The fact that parking lots in the south of US aren't just covered in those makes no sense at all. Vast expanses of mostly empty pavement, bathed in sun all day? Shaded parking? No?

The Cincinnati Zoo covered all their parking lots with solar panels last year. Your car stays cool in the summer, and there's motion activated lighting under the panels after dark. It's awesome.

Same sentiment! The one photo from Mongolia is going as my desktop background

Are you joking? It looks just as ugly as mountaintop removal to me.

They could preserve all that scenery by just building out nuclear. That's without mentioning the horrible ecological impact of blanketing an entire ecosystem in panels.


I love the idea of associating certain programs / games / whatever with a physical object. All kinds of neat downstream behavioural levers and consequences.

The most annoying part about it is they won't admit the obvious colossal mistake and fix it.

I've blocked Apple's update servers via /etc/hosts so this monstrous thing doesn't sneak onto my machine in the middle of the night, still happily on Sequoia.


Wonder if closed / banned / deleted accounts are in that batch

It's impressive given the constraints!

Would you consider releasing a more capable version that renders with fewer artifacts (and maybe requires a bit more processing power)?

Chatterbox is my go-to, this could be a nice alternative were it capable of high-fidelity results!


This is my side “hobby”. And compute is quite expensive. But if the community’s responsive is good, I will definitely think about it! Btw, chatterbox is a great model and inspiration

Very cool work, especially for a hobby project.

Do you have any plans to publish a blog post on how you did that? ?What training data and how much? Your training and ablations methodology, etc.


Thanks can you share details about compute economics you dealt with ?

Yeah sure. The training was about ~250 dollars, which is quite low by today’s standards. And I spent a bit more on ablations and research

I was on similar path and saw my bills going over 1000 dollars as interests to do research and ablations grew. Then I decided to get one Blackwell Pro 6000 and trying things with that :) If you have suggestions on how to manage metrics let us know. Currenty trying langfuse since its one click install on coolify

Is that something that could be done on a local setup? Eg, 2x RTX3090?

Interesting that no ships were recorded going thru the Northwest Passage -- perhaps in 2012 it was still generally impassable? It's getting to a point where freighters / tankers pass thru unassisted by icebreakers during the warm months.

Re: the website itself -- the Mercator projection is an artifact of paper maps, and it greatly distorts features near the poles. Could we please use a true globe when rendering interactive maps?


Flat maps have a lot of UX advantages over globes, and you can show the whole world at once.

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